Difference between revisions of "Internet"
From Internet User Guide
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==Internet Hardware Components== | ==Internet Hardware Components== | ||
| − | The hardware components of the Internet include a wide range of electronic devices, linked together in various ways. Hardware devices such as [[switch]]es and [[router]]s serve as individual network [[node]]s, receiving and transmitting [[data packet]]s. The [[data packet]]s are relayed across the [[network]] from one [[node]] to the next. | + | The hardware components of the Internet include a wide range of electronic devices, linked together in various ways. Hardware devices such as [[switch]]es and [[router]]s serve as individual network [[node]]s, receiving and transmitting [[data packet]]s. The [[data packet]]s are relayed across the [[computer network]] from one [[node]] to the next. |
The hardware devices are linked together by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections, and other linkage technologies. | The hardware devices are linked together by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections, and other linkage technologies. | ||
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The TCP/IP model organizes the protocols into a system of layers. There are four software layers and one hardware layer, as follows, from top to bottom: | The TCP/IP model organizes the protocols into a system of layers. There are four software layers and one hardware layer, as follows, from top to bottom: | ||
| − | *the [[Application Layer]] is the layer of the software application running on a computer connected to the Internet, such as a | + | *the [[Application Layer]] is the layer of the software application running on a computer connected to the Internet, such as a [[web browser]] |
*the [[Transport Layer]] allows different computers on the network to communicate within the same application, for example computers operating under the client-server model | *the [[Transport Layer]] allows different computers on the network to communicate within the same application, for example computers operating under the client-server model | ||
*the [[Internet Layer]] enables computers to connect to one-another via the intermediate networks (this layer establishes internetworking and the Internet) | *the [[Internet Layer]] enables computers to connect to one-another via the intermediate networks (this layer establishes internetworking and the Internet) | ||
| − | *the [[Link Layer]] is a software layer that provides connectivity between devices on the same local link, such as a [[ | + | *the [[Link Layer]] is a software layer that provides connectivity between devices on the same local link, such as a [[local area network]] (LAN) or a dial-up connection. |
*the Hardware Layer consists of the physical devices making up the network | *the Hardware Layer consists of the physical devices making up the network | ||
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Some of the most widely-used types of Internet applications are: | Some of the most widely-used types of Internet applications are: | ||
*[[Email]] | *[[Email]] | ||
| − | *[[File | + | *[[File transfer]] such as with [[File Transfer Protocol]] (FTP) |
| − | *[[Remote | + | *[[Remote access]] to other computers, such as with [[Secure Shell]] |
| − | *[[Web|World Wide Web]], for viewing [[ | + | *[[Web|World Wide Web]], for viewing [[website]]s with a [[web browser]], or for creating [[blog]]s or [[website]]s |
| − | *[[Online | + | *[[Online chat]] |
| − | *[[Online | + | *[[Online game]]s |
| − | *[[Collaborative | + | *[[Collaborative software]], such as [[wiki]]s |
*[[Social media]] | *[[Social media]] | ||
| − | *[[Streaming | + | *[[Streaming media]] |
*Internet Telephony ([[VoIP]]) | *Internet Telephony ([[VoIP]]) | ||
